Immediate survival focus: Synthesizing life history theory and dual process models to explain substance use

From the book : Evolutionary Psychology 10 issue 4 : 731-749.
Researchers have recently applied evolutionary life history theory to theunderstanding of behaviors often conceived of as prosocial or antisocial.
In addition,researchers have applied cognitive science to the understanding of substance use and useddual process models, where explicit cognitive processes are modeled as relatively distinctfrom implicit cognitive processes, to explain and predict substance use behaviors.
In thispaper we synthesized these two theoretical perspectives to produce an adaptive andcognitive framework for explaining substance use.
We contend that this frameworkprovides new insights into the nature of substance use that may be valuable for bothclinicians and researchers.