Remote sensing based study on vegetation dynamics in drylands of Kazakhstan [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Pavel Propastin

REMOTE SENSING BASED STUDY ON VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN DRYLANDS OF KAZAKHSTAN Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen vorgelegt von Pavel Propastin aus Ust-Kamenogorsk/Kazakhstan Göttingen, 2006 I D 7 Referentin/Referent: Prof. Dr. M. Kappas Korreferentin/Korreferent: Prof. Dr. G. Gerold Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 18.01.2007 II Contents Introduction 1 Problem description1Objectives and aims of the study31. Theoretical background to dry ecosystems 61.1. Dynamics of dry ecosystems: ephemeral versus permanent changes 6 1.1.1. Brief characterization of ecosystems in dry regions 6 1.1.2. Dynamics of ecosystems in drylands71.2. Remote sensing based investigations of vegetation changes and their explanatory factors 9 2. Study area122.1. Geographical location and mean characteristics 122.2. Climate conditions122.3. Soils152.4. Vegetation162.5. Land use202.6. Change in land use practices 21 2.7. Problem of land degradation in Central Asia243. Data used in the study and their preprocessing253.1. Climate data and their preparation253.1.1. Climate records253.1.2. Preparation of gridded climate maps 253.2. Satellite data 26 3.2.1. Data of coarse spatial resolution263.2.2. Data of fine spatial resolution283.3.