Poverty of children in Germany and its impact on children's health and educational outcomes [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Marcus Tamm

Poverty of Children in Germany and its Impact on Children's Health and Educational Outcomes INAUGURALDISSERTATION zur Erlangung der Würde eines Doktors der Wirtschaftswissenschaft der Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaft der Ruhr-Universität Bochum vorgelegt von Diplom-Volkswirt Marcus Tamm aus Wolfach 2007 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Bernhard Pellens Referent: Prof. Dr. Christoph M. Schmidt, Ph.D. Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Thomas K. Bauer Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 2. Mai 2007 ISBN 978-3-86788-007-7 Content 1 Introduction and Overview 1 1.1 General Motivation 1 1.2 Principles and Practices for Measuring Poverty 3 1.3 Some Comments on the Identification of Causal Effects 6 1.4 Data 10 1.5 Overview and Summary of Findings 13 2 A Portrait of Child Poverty in Germany 16 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Empirical Framework 19 2.3 A First Look at Child Poverty Rates 23 2.4 Alternative Measures of Child Poverty 28 2.5 Poverty Dynamics 33 2.6 Family Income, Taxes and Benefits 39 2.7 Conclusions 44 3 Always Poor or Never Poor and Nothing in Between? Duration of Child Poverty in Germany 52 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Duration Model 56 3.3 Data and Model Specification 59 3.4 Empirical Results 63 3.4.1 Results for West Germany 1984-2004 64 3.4.2 Results for Reunified Germany 1992-2004 74 3.