Optical loading of a Bose-Einstein condensate [Elektronische Ressource] / von Filip Floegel

Optical Loading of aBose–Einstein CondensateVom Fachbereich Physik der Universit at Hannoverzur Erlangung des GradesDoktor der Naturwissenschaften-Dr. rer. nat.-genehmigte DissertationvonDipl. Phys. Filip Floegelgeboren am 15.07.1973 in Hamburg2003Referentin: Prof. Dr. M. LewensteinKorreferent: Prof. Dr. J. ArltTag der Promotion: 19.05.2003iiAbstractDuringthelastyears,thefruitfulcombinationoflaser–coolingandevapo-rativecoolinghasallowedtheexperimentalachievementoftheBose–Einsteincondensation (BEC) in weakly interacting trapped alkali gases. Among theresultsrelatedtoBEC,oneofthemostimportantexperimentalachievementshas been the realization of an Atom Laser. As a coherent source of matterwaves, the atom laser should lead to new applications in atom optics. How-ever, without a continuous re lling of the BEC, the atom laser output lastsonlyaslongassomeatomsintheBECarekept. Additionally, thecontrolledcontinuous loading of a BEC could be employed to repair the losses inducedby either background collisions or two- and three-body losses.It is the purpose of this thesis to analyze the continuous loading of aBEC by means of spontaneous emission. We shall discuss the di culties toachievethisaim, inparticularthephotonreabsorptionproblem, andproposethe corresponding solutions in di erent physical scenarios.