New insight into the transcriptional properties of the human thyrostimulin and sodium, iodide symporter genes [Elektronische Ressource] / submitted by Ekaterina Breous

University of Ulm Department of Internal Medicine I Head: Prof. Dr. G. Adler New insight into the transcriptional properties of the human thyrostimulin and sodium/iodide symporter genes Thesis presented to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ulm to obtain the degree of a Doctor of Human Biology (Dr. biol. hum.) submitted by Ekaterina Breous from Kazan 2005 II Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Klaus-Michael Debatin 1.- Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. med. Ulrich Loos 2.- Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. med. Paul Dietl Tag der Promotion: 18 November 2005 IIIContents III Abreviatons VI Page 1.- Introduction 1 1.1. Thyroid gland 1 1.1.1. function 1 1.1.2. Graves’ disease 2 1.1.3. Effects of endocrine disruptors on thyroid function 3 1.2. Sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) 4 1.2.1. Cloning of the human NIS cDNA and elucidation of the genomic 4 organisation 1.2.2. Regulation of NIS protein expression 4 1.2.3. Transcriptional regulation of the NIS gene 5 1.2.3.1. Analysis of the rat NIS promoter 6 1.2.3.2. Analysis of the human NIS promoter 6 1.3. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 7 1.3.1. TSH structure 7 1.3.2. Transcriptional regulation of the common α-subunit in 7 thyrotropes 1.3.3. Transcriptional regulation of the TSH β-subunit 8 1.4.