Molecular approaches to direct diagnosis and characterization of Leishmania donovani in clinical isolates [Elektronische Ressource] / Nahla O. A. El Tai

Der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Dissertation Molecular approaches to direct diagnosis and characterization of Leishmania donovani in clinical isolates zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. Nat.) Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I M. Sc Biologie: Frau Nahla O. A. El Tai Prof. Dr.Bernhard Ronacher 1. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Presber 2. Prof. Dr. Richard Liucius 3. Prof. Dr. Christian Bogdan Datum der Promotion: 26.09.2002 Iam pleased to dedicate this work to my beloved, parents, husband, son Ahmed and daughter Reem ii Contents ABBREVIATIONS:............................................................................................................ III ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... 1 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ....................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION............................................................................................. 5 1.1 Leishmaniasis:..............................................................................................5 1.1.1 The disease:..................................................................................................5 1.1.2 Clinial spectrum:..........................................................................................6 1.1.2.