Modeling the spatial and temporal distribution of planktonic foraminifera [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Igaratza Fraile Ugalde

Modeling the Spatial and TemporalDistribution of PlanktonicForaminiferaDissertation zur Erlangung desDoktorgrades der Naturwissenschaftenam Fachbereich Geowissenschaftender Universitat¨ Bremenvorgelegt vonIgaratza Fraile UgaldeSeptember 2008The question is not what you look at, but what you see- Henry David Thoreau -iContentsAcknowledgements viiAbstract viii1 Introduction 11.1 Planktonic foraminifera .......................... 11.2 as paleoproxy .................. 61.2.1 Foraminiferal abundance as a paleotemperature proxy . . . . 71.2.2 shell chemistry as ae proxy . . 91.2.3 Difficulties associated with foraminifera-based proxies . . . . 101.3 Seasonality of planktonic foraminifera 111.4 Scientific objectives ............................. 132 A dynamic global model for planktonic foraminifera 252.1 Introduction . . ............................... 252.2 Model setup . . 272.2.1 Ecosystem model .......................... 272.2.2 PLAFOM . 272.2.3 Standard model experiment: grid, forcing and boundary con-ditions ................................ 332.2.4 Comparison to core-top data ................... 352.2.5 to sediment-trap data ................ 352.2.6 Sensitivity analysis of the parameters .............. 362.3 Results .................................... 382.3.1 Spatial distribution patterns.................... 382.3.2 Temporal .................. 41iiiContents2.3.3 Spatio-temporal distribution pattern ............... 452.3.