Life cycle strategies and impact of cannibalism in calanoid North Sea copepods [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Anne Wesche

Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven LIFE-CYCLE STRATEGIES AND IMPACT OF CANNIBALISM IN CALANOID NORTH SEACOPEPODSDISSERTATIONzurErlangung des akademischen Grades des Doktors der Naturwissenschaften(Dr. rer. nat.) am Fachbereich 2 (Biologie/Chemie) der Universität Bremen vorgelegt von Anne Wesche Bremen, 2007 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Hagen, Universität Bremen 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Sigrid Schiel, Alfred-Wegener-Institut BremerhavenCONTENTSumary I Zusammenfassung III 1I NTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Distribution and life-cycles 1 1.1.1 Abiotic factors 1 1.1.2 Biotic 3 1.2 Predatory feeding 5 1.2.1 Feeding behaviour 5 1.2.2 Inter- and intra-specific predation (cannibalism) 7 2T HESIS OUTLINE 83M ATERIAL AND METHODS 10 3.1 Study area 0 3.2 Sampling 113.3 Reproductive activity 12 3.4 Stage duration times3.5 Birth and mortality rates 13 3.6 Predatory feeding 3.6.1 Collection of predators and rearing of prey 13 3.6.2 General set-up 13 3.6.3 Seasonal impact in field 14 4R ESULTS AND SYNOPTIC DISCUSSION 15 4.1 Environmental conditions 5 4.2 Distribution 14.3 Life-cycles9 4.4 Factors controlling population size 264.5 Inter- and intra-specific predation7 4.5.1 Laboratory experiments 27 4.5.