Field-insensitive Bose-Einstein condensates and an all-optical atom laser [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Giovanni Cennini

FIELD INSENSITIVE BOSE EINSTEIN CONDENSATES ANDAN ALL OPTICAL ATOM LASERDissertationzur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktorsder Naturwissenschaftender Fakultat¨ fur¨ Mathematik und Physikder Eberhard Karls Universit at¨ zu Tubingen¨vorgelegt vonGiovanni Cenniniaus Neapel2004Tag der mundliche¨ Prufung:¨ 30. September 2004Dekan: Prof. Dr. H. Muther¨1. Berichtstatter: Prof. Dr. M. Weitz2. Prof. Dr. T. W. Hansch¨3. Berichtstatter: Prof. Dr. T. PfauAbstractBose Einstein condensates can be considered as sources of coherent matter. When atomsare extracted from a trapped Bose Einstein condensate, a coherent, monoenergetic atomicbeam is generated. Such a source is commonly referred to as an atom laser. Previous atomlasers were based on Bose Einstein condensates of atoms in field sensitive Zeeman states.Such atom lasers thus suffered form fluctuations of the chemical potential caused by straymagnetic fields.In this work, a novel type of atom laser is demonstrated. A coherent atomic beam isgenerated by outcoupling of atoms from a magnetic field insensitive Bose Einstein con densate. The here developed experimental procedure does not require magnetic shieldingof the apparatus in order to create quasi continuous beams.The presented experiments are based on quasistatic dipole traps for the confinement of87cold Rb atoms, which is realized with mid infrared radiation emitted from a CO laser2operating near l = 10.6 μm.