Characterization and remodeling of the vasculature in human adipose tissue [Elektronische Ressource] / von Alexandra Miranville

JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE UNIVERSITÄT INSTITUT FÜR KARDIOVASKULÄRE PHYSIOLOGIE FRANKFURT AM MAIN (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Rudi Busse) DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DES DOKTORGRADES DER NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN (Fachbereich: Biologie) CHARACTERIZATION AND REMODELING OF THE VASCULATURE IN HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE VON ALEXANDRA MIRANVILLE FRANKFURT AM MAIN 2006 1CONTENTS Contents…………………………………………………………………………………….....1 List of figures and tables………………………………………………………………..……3 Zusammenfassung (Resume in german)………………………………………………….....5 I. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….11 I.1. Physiology of the adipocyte…………………………………………………….……13 I.1.1. Metabolic activity of adipocytes………………………………….….…13 I.1.2. Secretory activity of adipocytes……………………..…………….……16 I.1.2.1. Adipokines and energy homeostasis………………………….18 - Leptin…………………………………………………...…18 - Adiponectin……………………………………………..…21 - Resistin…………………………………………….………23 I.1.2.2. Adipokines and inflammation………………………………...24 I.2. The vasculature of adipose tissue…………………………………………………….25 I.2.1. The blood vasculature of adipose tissue………………………………...26 I.2.1.1. Blood vasculature and adipogenesis…………………………..26 I.2.1.2. Blood vasculature and adipose tissue growth in vivo………...27 I.2.2. Mechanisms of neovascularization in adipose tissue…………………...28 I.2.2.1. Vasculogenesis………………………………………………..28 I.2.2.2. Angiogenesis………………………………………………….31 I.2.2.3.