RADIATION RISK, RISK PERCEPTION AND SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS Vol.68 3/4 1996. Proceedings of a Workshop, Oslo, Norway, October 19-20 1995

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Publié par	DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-THE-INFORMATION-SOCIETY-AND-MEDIA
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Radiation Protection
Dosimetry
RADIATION RISK,
RISK PERCEPTION
AND
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
Editors:
J.B. Reitan
U. Bäverstam
G.N. Kelly
ISBN 1 870965 44 2
CONF 9510147
EUR 16518 EN
RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
Published by Nuclear Technology Publishing Vol. 68 Nos. 3/41996 RADIATION RISK,
RISK PERCEPTION
AND
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
Proceedings of a Workshop,
Oslo, Norway, October 19-20 1995
Co-organised by:
The Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority
The Swedishnn Institute, and
The European Commission
Proceedings Editors:
J.B. Reitan
U. Bäverstam
G.N. Kelly
ISBN 1 870965 44 2
CONF 9510147
EUR 16518 EN
RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY Vol. 68 Nos. 3/4 1996
Published by Nuclear Technology Publishing RADIATION RISK, RISK PERCEPTION
AND
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
Proceedings of a Workshop,
Oslo, Norway, October 19-20 1995
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record of this book is available at the British Library
LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is
responsible for the use which may be made of the following information.
φ ECSC-EEC-EAEC Brussels-Luxembourg (1996)
Publication No EUR 16518 EN of the Commission of the European Communities,
Dissemination of Scientific and Technical Knowledge Unit
Directorate-General Telecommunications
Information Industries and Exploitation Research, Luxembourg RADIATION RISK, RISK PERCEPTION
AND
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
Proceedings of a Workshop,
Oslo, Norway, October 19-20 1995
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
IPSN, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France J. Brenot
CEC, DGXII, Brussels, Belgium G.N. Kelly
Swedish War College, Stockholm, Sweden B. Mårdberg
NRPA, Østerås, Norway J.B. Reitan (Chairman)
Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden L. Sjøberg
University of Oslo, Norway L. Weisæth
ORGANISING COMMITTEE
U. Bäverstam SSI, Stockholm, Sweden
G.N. Kelly CEC, DGXII, Brussels, Belgium
P. Strand (Chairman) NRPA, Østerås, Norway
A. Tonnessen ,,y
H. Velie NRPA, Østerås, Norway,
R. Waldahl University of Oslo,.
SESSION CHAIRMEN AND PANEL
IPSN, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France J. Brenot
CEC, DGXII, Brussels, Belgium G!N. Kelly
Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden L. Sjøberg
University of Oslo, Norway L. Weisæth y of Oslo,y L.h
Acknowledgements
The professional work by Hans Velie in dealing with all the main practical organisational details and
the excellent secretarial contribution by Mrs Marianne Jarnøy in preparing papers for submission to the
publishers are very gratefully acknowledged. Radiata Protection Dosimetry
ISSN 01448420
EditorinChief: Consultam Editors:
Dr J.A. Dennis, UK Prof. Dr G. Dietze, Germany
Prof. Y. Horowitz, Israel
Executive Editor: Dr J. Statr-er, UK
Mr E.P. Goldfinch, UK Dr G.A. Swedjemark, Sweden
Staff Editor:
Mrs M.E. Calcraft, UK
Editorial Board Members
Dr R.M. Alexakhin, Russia Dr K. Irlweck, Austria
Prof. Dr K. Becker, Germany Prof. Dr W. Jacobi, Germany
Dr M.A. Bender, USA Dr R.L. Kathren, USA
Dr A. Birchall, UK Dr E. Kunz, Czech Republic
Prof. Dr J. Böhm, Germany Dr D.C. Lloyd, UK
Dr A.J.J. Bos, The Netherlands Dr H.F. Macdonald, UK
Dr L. Bötter-Jensen, Denmark Mr T.O. Marshall, UK
Dr G. Busuoli, Italy Dr J.C. McDonald, USA
Mr M.W. Carter, Australia Dr M. Moscovitch, USA
Dr M.W. Charles, UK Prof. Y. Nishiwaki, Japan
Mr G. Cowper, Canada Mr K. O'Brien, USA
Dr W.G. Cross, Canada Dr P. Pihet, France
Dr A. Delgado, Spain Dr G. Portal, France
Dr Li Deping, People's Republic of China Dr A.S. Pradhan, India
Prof. Dr B. Dörschel, Germany Dr D.F. Regulla, Germany
Prof. Dr K. Duftschmid, Austria Prof. Dr A.R. Scharmann, Germany
Miss F.A. Fry, UK Mr J.M. Selby, USA
Mr J.A.B. Gibson, UK Dr F. Spurny, Czech Republic
Mr R.V. Griffith, USA Dr R.H. Thomas, USA
Dr Κ. Harrison, UK Mr I.M.G. Thompson, UK
Mr J.R. Harvey, UK Dr L. Tommasino, Italy
Dr H. Ing, Canada Mr J.W.N. Tuyn, Switzerland
Published by Nuclear Technology Publishing, P.O. Box 7, Ashford, Kent, TN23 1YW, England.
Advertising office: Mrs L. Richmond Subscription office: Mrs M.L. Mears
Subscription rates, 1996: Vols. 6368 inclusive, UK £590.00 p.a.; outside UK US$ 1270.00 p.a.
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Orders and remittance should be sent to:
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COPYRIGHT ®1996 Nuclear Technology Publishing
Legal disclaimer: The publisher, the editors and the Editorial Board accept no responsibility for the content of the
papers, the use which may be made of the information or the views expressed by the authors.
Typeset by Photographies, Vine Yard, Vine Passage, Honiton, Devon, England
Printed by Geerings of Ashford Ltd., Cobbs Wood House, Chart Road, Ashford, Kent, England
EB-RPDJ N19 Radiation Protection Dosimetry
Vol. 68, No. 3/4, pp. vvi (1996)
Nuclear Technology Publishing
Contents s ν
Editorial
Radiation Risk, Risk Perception and Social Constructions
J.B. Reitan, U. Bäverstam and G.N. Kelly 155
RISK IN MODERN SOCIETY: CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS
The Risk Philosophy of Radiation Protection
B. Lindell (INVITED PAPER) 157
Perception of Risk from Radiation
P. Slovic (INVITED PAPER) 165
Risks — in Technology, Society and the Mind
T. Hviid Nielsen 181
On Probabilistic Risk Analysis of Technological Systems
B. Natvig and J. Gåsemyr 185
Laypeople's Understanding of Radioactivity and Radiation
E.K. Henriksen 191
Chernobyl — System Accident or Human Error?
E. Stang 197
Ethical Values in Radiological Protection
D.H. Oughton 203
Risk Management Strategies for the Radon Paradox in Radiation Protection
A. Pqffijn, G.X. Eggermont and A. VanDeynse , 209
Social Intervention and Risk Reduction — Indirect Countermeasures
N.A. Higgins and M. Money 213
RISK PERCEPTION AND SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS
A Discussion of the Limitations of the Psychometric and Cultural Theory Approaches
to Risk Perception
L. Sjöberg 219
Forming Homogeneous Clusters for Differential Risk Information
B. Mårdberg 227 CONTENTS
Some Reflections on Anthropology of the Risk of Radiation
D. Van Nuffelen 231
The Norwegian Public's Perception of Risk from Electromagnetic Fields
M.B. Maerli5
Cultural Theory and Risk Perception: Validity and Utility Explored in the French Context
J. Brenot, S. Bonnefous and C. Mays9
Multiple Causes of Stress in the Context of Radiation Risk
P.T.Allen 24
Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers' Perception of Radiation Threat
N. Tarabrina, E. Lazebnaya, M. Zelenova and N. Lasko 251
The Social and Cultural Construction of Radiological Risk: A Case Study
D. Van Nuffelen 257
Personal use of Countermeasures seen in a Coping Perspective. Could the Development of Expedient
Countermeasures as a Repertoire in the Population, Optimise Coping and Promote Positive Outcome
Expectancies, when Exposed to a Contamination Threat?
A. Tønnessen, L. Skuterud, J. Panova, LG. Travnikova, P. Strand and M.I. Balonov 261
The Role of Social and Psychological Factors in Radiation Protection after Accidents
M. Money and P. Allen 26
COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION
Radiation Risk and Science Education
H.M.C. Eijkelhof 273
Information on Radiation Protection: An Anthropological Approach
D. Van Nuffelen9
The Communication of Radiological Risk to Populations Exposed to a Radiological Accident:
Considerations about the Accident in Goiânia
M.P. Curado 28
The Media's Reception of the Risk Associated with Radioactive Disasters
S. Vettenranta7
Interactions through the Network — Understanding the Myths to Create New Ways
of Information Exchange
I.V. Zakharov 293
Author Index
Radiation Protection Dosimetry is abstracted or indexed in APPLIED HEALTH PHYSICS ABSTRACTS
AND NOTES, Chemical Abstracts, CURRENT CONTENTS, Energy Information Abstracts (Cambridge),
EXCERPTA MEDICA (EMBASE), Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Cambridge), INIS ATOMINDEX (hard
copy and CD ROM), INSPEC, Nuclear Energy (Czech Republic), QUEST and Referativmaja Zhurnal.