tutorial-dallas-june-04

ANSWER SET PROGRAMMINGKNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION, REASONING AND DECLARATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING USINGANSPROLOG*: WWW.BARAL.US/BOOKONEChitta BaralDepartment of Computer Science and Engg.Arizona State UniversityTempe, AZ 85287chitta@asu.eduhttp://www.public.asu.edu/∼cbaral/June 2004Answer Set Programming.Nomenclature• AnsProlog*: Programming in logic with answer sets• Also referred to as A-Prolog• A collection of rules of the formL or ...or L ← L ,...,L ,not L ,...,not L .0 k k+1 m m+1 nwhere L ’s are literals in the sense of first order logic.i• The language– with syntax encompassing∗ general logic programs (normal logic programs): k =0,L s are atoms.i∗ extended logic programs: k =0.∗ disjunctive logic p L s are atoms, m = n.i∗e normal logic programs: L s are atoms.i∗ extended disjunctive normal logic programs: no restrictions.– and semantics characterized with answer setsChitta Baral 1MOTIVATION: “INTELLIGENCE” TO “AI” TO “KR” TO“ANSPROLOG”Answer Set Programming. Motivation: “Intelligence” to “AI” to “KR” to “AnsProlog”A dictionary meaning of the word: “intelligence”(1)(a) The capacity to acquire and apply knowledge.(b) The faculty of thought and reason.(c) Superior powers of mind. See Synonyms at mind.(2) An intelligent, incorporeal being, especially an angel.(3) Information; news. See Synonyms at news.(4)(a) Secret information, especially about an actual or potential enemy.(b) An agency, staff, or office employed in gathering such ...