linux-tutorial.intro-hdt

Introduction to linux LCC tutorial(Handout for rst part of Tutorial)David Dowty (this handout), Adriane Boyd1 Introduction1.1 What is linux?a variety of unix systems that runs on PCs (and now on most other hardware too) and is open-source (free) software. More accurately called GNU/linux. (cf. kernel versus other system softwareand applications). GNU (“Gnu’s Not Linux”) Project, sponsored by Free Software Foundation isthe producer of the most important system software on a linux system besides the kernel (purelylinux); X Window systemlinux http://www.linux.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux kernelGNU Project: http://gnu.orgX Window System http://www.x.org,http://www.rahul.net/kenton/xsites.html1.2 What is its history?(FromLinusTorvalds1991,totoday’swidelydistributedandcomplexdevelopmentteams,involvingmany many coordinated volunteers.What are distributions? There are many di erent distributions of linux (Ubuntu and otherDebian-based distributions; RedHat, Suse, etc.); cf. also BSD unix.Ubuntu distribution: http://ubuntulinux.orgDebian distribution: http://debian.orglinux history: http://www.linux.org/infoWho uses it today? (individuals with various reasons to be interested; scientists; web servers; le servers (e.g. OSU ling); industry (e.g. CGI for lms — Titanic); governments (Munich, Paris).Embedded linux systems (e.g. Tivo; see http://linuxdevices.com for more.)There are now about a half-dozen magazines ...