When Chingis Khan died, the northwestern territories of the empire ...

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When Chingis Khan died, the northwestern territories of the empire ...

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Publié par	ifydesut
Nombre de lectures	88
Langue	English

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Erdvilas No contemporary written record survives, but later chronicles claim that the Lithuanians enjoyed military successes against the Horde. A Samogitian commander named is said to Erdvilas have defeated a Mongolian reconnaisance force near Lyda. It is evident, even in the absence of records, that there is some truth in these stories, since the Lithuanian Grand Dukes of the 13th and 14th century clearly acquired sovereignty of White and Black Russia and the Ukraine by reconquering and defending the Ruthenian lands from the Horde. When Chingis Khan died, the northwestern territories of the empire were given to his son, Jochi. One of Jochi’s sons was Batu Khan, who inherited the westernmost territories of Jochi’s ulus.Jochi, haddied in 1227 Genghis Khan had many wives and concubines, but it was Borte, his first and chief wife, who gave birth to his four most famous sons: Jochi, Jagatai, Ögödei, and Tolui. Jochi’s sonBatu founded the Golden Horde, a powerful Mongol state in Russia and Eastern Europe. Jagatai gave his name to a state that he founded in Central Asia. Ögödei was designated by Genghis Khan to succeed him, and he ruled Mongolia and northern China. Tolui was the father of Mangu Khan, ruler of the unified Mongol Empire from 1251 to 1259; Kublai Khan, who founded the Yuan dynasty in China; and Hulagu, who founded the ilKhanid dynasty of Persia. Jochi‘s krito nuo Erdvilo rankos ir padovanoja jam savo tėvo (Čengis chano) dovanatąkardą. 1216 metai Lietuviai pradeda žygiusįRusią. Zivibundum su Montwilo (Živibūdas su Mantvila) paruošia karo planus su Rusija. Žygiųvadu išrenkamas Montwilos vyriausias sūnus Erdvilas. Pagalbininkai Grumpius Columna, Eyxis Urfinus, Grawzius Rosa (Grundys Stulpų, Eikšys, Graužys Rožės herbųatstovai). 1217 metai Persikėlęper Nemunąjie atstato totoriųsudegintąNovogrodecum (Naugarduko) pilį. Ekspansija prasideda nuo Iatvezyos (Jodviežiai arba Jotvingiai) kur praktiškai be kovos jie užima Grodną(Gardiną), Brestą, Drohičą. Skitųišžudytos rusųdiduomenės vietąužima lietuviųdiduomenė. Grumpius arba Strumpio (Goštautųprotėvis) valdo Ošmianſ(Ašmeną), Eyxio (Eikšys) Urfinus valdo Eyszyszki (Eišiškes) ir tampa Monividum, Dowaynarum giminiųpradininku, Grawzius (Grauža)įkuria Graužiškes. Erdvilas Novogrodensis (Naugarduko kunigaikštis) valdo tarp Borysthenum (Dniepro?) ir Pripetės: Naugarduką, Brestą, Iatvezyą(Jodviežiją) arba Subsilvania.